Children diagnosed with CP face an increased likelihood of compromised dental and overall health due to their condition. Several factors contribute to the development of caries, including past and current caries history, dietary habits, fluoride intake, presence of cariogenic bacteria, salivary characteristics, and sociodemographic influences. Additional risk factors include prolonged use of oral medications that induce xerostomia, difficulties with oral motor function, and inadequate oral hygiene practices. This study aimed to consolidate primary data to gain a clearer understanding of the key risk factors associated with the high prevalence of caries in this vulnerable population. A systematic review of the literature published between 2009 and 2022 was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Medline. The search incorporated the keywords “cerebral palsy,” “dental defects,” “pediatric patients,” and “systematic review.” Article selection was illustrated using the PRISMA flowchart. A total of 9 studies were analyzed, with six indicating no notable differences in the opacity, color, and fluorescence of composite restorations. Findings from further studies highlighted a high prevalence of dental defects, including periodontal disease, caries, and erosion, among pediatric patients with cerebral palsy.
